Isolation, Identification, and Antibiotic Resistance of Salmonella spp. in Poultry in Iraq Using the VITEK® 2 Compact System
Hadeel A. Hussin *
Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Salmonellosis is one of the most widespread zoonoses in developed countries. Salmonella bacteria are widespread among domestic and wild animals.
Aim: The authors studied the etiological structure and distribution of salmonellosis in poultry. Analyze the study of Salmonella isolated from poultry in iraq veterinary laboratories in response to various antibiotic drugs.determine the prevalence of Salmonella resistance to specific drugs.
Methods: we take 100 sample from poultry tissue then culture on nutrient and selective media and use an antibiotic-sensitive test for detection relevance of antibiotic resistance. The reported data show that the highest number of positive results was recorded for poultry (54%).
Results: The most frequently isolated Salmonella serovars in animals in 2024 were: S. enteritidis (35.96%), S. typhimurium (13.7%), S. gallinarum pullorum (8%). A high percentage of detection of Salmonella serological variant S. enteritidis was noted in poultry .the causative agent of salmonellosis was detected in products of animal origin in 804 cases. When monitoring food products for salmonellosis, the largest number of cultures were isolated from poultry meat (19) in 2022,S. enteritidis (8), S. typhimurium (2) being predominant. The number of positive results were found in the control of poultry (19) in 2022.
Conclusion: In 2022, veterinary laboratories in the iraq conducted 100 studies for antibiotic resistance, testing 19 Salmonella cultures isolated from poultry, which constitutes 77.1% of the total number of isolated Salmonella cultures. An analysis of antibiotic resistance of Salmonella from biomaterials and food products to more than 30 antibacterial drugs was conducted. High resistance of poultry Salmonella pathogens to penicillin group drugs, cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, polymyxin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracyclines was established.
Keywords: Salmonella, strains, zoonoses, antibiotics, antibiotic resistance