Toxicity of Binary Mixtures of Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG and Indoxacarb 15% SG against Third Instar Larvae of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)
P. S. Kadam
*
Department of Zoology, P. G. Research Centre, K. J. Somaiya College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Kopargaon Ahilyanagar (Ahmednagar), Maharashtra, India.
N. G. Shinde
Department of Zoology, P. G. Research Centre, K. J. Somaiya College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Kopargaon Ahilyanagar (Ahmednagar), Maharashtra, India.
B. S. Yadav
Department of Zoology, P. G. Research Centre, K. J. Somaiya College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Kopargaon Ahilyanagar (Ahmednagar), Maharashtra, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A destructive invasive pest of maize, the FAW (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith; Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has a high potential for developing insecticide resistance. The use of binary insecticide mixtures is becoming more and more advised as a means of enhancing effectiveness and delaying the evolution of resistance. This study assessed the acute toxicity of Indoxacarb 15% SG and Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG, both alone and in binary mixtures, against S. frugiperda larvae in their third instar under laboratory condition. The leaf-spray method with a 24-hour exposure was used to perform bioassays. Emamectin benzoate had LC₅₀ values of 0.31 mg/L, indoxacarb had 1.84 mg/L, and the binary mixture had 0.19 mg/L, according to probit analysis. Synergism was confirmed by the mixture's co-toxicity coefficient (CTC), which was 156. When compared to individual applications, mortality happened more quickly in the binary mixture, suggesting increased efficacy. These results show that in integrated pest management (IPM) programs, mixtures of Emamectin Benzoate and Indoxacarb have the potential to effectively control fall armyworms while lowering the risk of resistance development.
Keywords: Spodoptera frugiperda, Emamectin Benzoate, Indoxacarb, LC₅₀, synergism, resistance management