UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY

Bisphenol A (BPA), a widely used compound in the production of plastics and epoxy resins, is recognized for its endocrine-disrupting effects on both human and aquatic health. BPA leaches into aquatic environments from plastic waste and enters fish through gill absorption, contaminated water, and dietary intake, leading to physiological and structural damage. Flaxseed, rich in omega-3 fatty acids and lignans, has shown promise in enhancing fish health when included in the diet. This study investigates the potential protective and restorative effects of dietary flaxseed against BPA-induced toxicity in Labeo rohita, a commercially important freshwater food fishappen. Three experimental groups included, a control group, a BPA-exposed group, fed with a standard diet, and a BPA-exposed group supplemented with flaxseed rich diet over a 21-day period. The LC₅₀ of BPA was calculated as 32 ppm, and a sub‑lethal concentration of 8 ppm (¼ LC₅₀) was used in the study. flaxseed was incorporated into the formulated diet at a concentration of 30 g per 100 g. Histopathological analysis of liver and kidney tissues revealed significant damage in the BPA-only group, while the flaxseed-supplemented group exhibited comparatively reduced alterations. During a subsequent 21-day recovery phase, fish receiving flaxseed showed improved tissue regeneration and faster healing. These results suggest that flaxseed supplementation can mitigate BPA-induced histopathological damage and support recovery, highlighting its potential as a functional dietary additive in aquaculture. Further long-term and multi-species studies are recommended to confirm these findings and establish flaxseed as a reliable dietary intervention against BPA toxicity in aquaculture.