UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY

Intraspecies variability in sperm quality is common among aquaculture species, thus necessitating an urgent need to establish reliable molecular biomarkers to screen for males with high-quality sperm. The quality of sperm is a key factor inducing fertilization success and the efficiency of seed production in carp aquaculture. The current research evaluated the quality and kinematic characteristics of rohu carp (Labeo rohita) sperm through a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system to deliver an objective evaluation of sperm functional ability. Semen samples were collected from hormonally stimulated mature males and examined for motility characteristics and specific kinematic parameters with a Biovis CASA 2000 system. A comparative evaluation of two semen lots showed notable variations in total and progressive motility, velocity metrics, and trajectory features. Lot 2 showed notably greater overall motility (98%), a higher percentage of rapidly progressive sperm, and increased velocity metrics such as curvilinear velocity (VCL), average path velocity (VAP), and straight-line velocity (VSL), as well as enhanced linearity and straightness, suggesting enhanced sperm swimming effectiveness and fertilization capability. The noted changes in CASA parameters highlight the impact of biological and methodological factors on sperm functionality. The research validates the reliability and sensitivity of CASA in evaluating rohu sperm quality and sets standard kinematic profiles for this species. The results endorse the use of CASA as a uniform instrument for assessing broodstock, evaluating semen quality, and enhancing breeding and cryopreservation methods in carp hatchery management. Future investigations need to concentrate on determining species-specific CASA reference values and verifying essential kinematic parameters by examining their relationship with fertilization success, hatching rates, and post-thaw outcomes.