Effect on Haemato-biochemical Parameters in Response to Ketamine Anaesthesia Alongwith Diazepam, Butorphanol and Xylazine in Buffalo Calves
Khichar Sangram Singh
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, Durg (C.G.), Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalya (DSVCKV), Chhattisgarh, India.
Rukmani Dewangan *
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, Durg (C.G.), Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalya (DSVCKV), Chhattisgarh, India and Wildlife Health and Forensic Centre, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, Durg (C.G.), Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalya (DSVCKV), Chhattisgarh, India.
Raju Sharda
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, Durg (C.G.), Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalya (DSVCKV), Chhattisgarh, India.
S. K. Tiwari
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, Durg (C.G.), Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalya (DSVCKV), Chhattisgarh, India.
Muskan Sengar
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, Durg (C.G.), Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalya (DSVCKV), Chhattisgarh, India.
Jasmeet Singh
Wildlife Health and Forensic Centre, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, Durg (C.G.), Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalya (DSVCKV), Chhattisgarh, India.
Viskash Meshram
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, Durg (C.G.), Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalya (DSVCKV), Chhattisgarh, India.
Ishant Kumar
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, Durg (C.G.), Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalya (DSVCKV), Chhattisgarh, India.
Likchavi Kurrey
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, Durg (C.G.), Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalya (DSVCKV), Chhattisgarh, India.
Varsha Jain
Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anjora, Durg (C.G.), Dau Shri Vasudev Chandrakar Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalya (DSVCKV), Chhattisgarh, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effect on various haematological and biochemical parameters following administration of ketamine anaesthesia alongwith glycopyrrolate-diazepam, glycopyrrolate-butorphanol and glycopyrrolate-xylazine as preanaesthetics in 18 non-descript buffalo calves and were divided into three groups (A, B and C) with six animals in each. All the calves were administrated glycopyrrolate @ 0.01 mg/ kg body weight through intramuscular route prior to anaesthetic administration. Then the calves in all group A, B and C were administered diazepam @ 0.5 mg/kg body weight, butorphanol @ 0.075 mg/kg body weight and xylazine @ 0.16 mg/kg body weight respectively through intravenous route. Further, general anaesthesia was induced with ketamine @ 4 mg/kg body weight intravenously. Haematological parameters such as haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leucocyte count (TLC), differential leucocyte count (DLC) and biochemical parameters such as serum glucose, serum total protein, serum urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were estimated before sedation (0) and at 30, 60,120 min. and 6 hrs post ketamine anaesthesia. Hematological investigations indicated a non-significant (P>0.05) reduction in Hb, PCV, TEC, TLC, and DLC after ketamine anesthesia across all groups. Hyperglycemia was observed in animals from all groups following ketamine anesthesia. Other biochemical indicators such as total serum protein, serum urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine levels exhibited non-significant (P>0.05) variations at different time points but stayed within the normal physiological limits. Thus, it can be concluded that the combinations of glycopyrrolate-diazepam-ketamine, glycopyrrolate-butorphanol-ketamine, and glycopyrrolate-xylazine-ketamine do not have any harmful effects on vital organs, and the changes stayed within physiological limits. Therefore, ketamine can be used safely and effectively as an induction agent in buffalo calves for general anesthesia.
Keywords: Buffalo, butorphanol, diazepam, glycopyrrolate, ketamine, xylazine