UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY

Anthelmintic resistance (AHR) is becoming a huge challenge in livestock industry, especially in small ruminants. This research is contributing to the creation of awareness of this menace and advocating the right use of drugs involved to mitigate the effect of AHR. The status AHR of two anthelmintics (Fenbendazole & Ivermectin) have been determined. At present, the control of haemonchosis in sheep and goats in India is mainly depends on the use of benzimidazole class of compounds.  However, the much casual approach of owners in the use of benzimidazole anthelmintics have been contributed in the development of anthelmintic resistance and over a period of time situation is becoming worse and alarming. To assess the status of anthelmintic resistance Haemonchus contortus of small ruminants in Maharashtra, a study was conducted during October 2017 to September 2018. A total of 669 and 667 faecal samples were collected from sheep and goats respectively. The larvae obtained from copro-culture were identified morphologically as H. contortus. In vitro larval development assay (LDA) was employed for detection of anthelmintic resistance. More than 95% eggs were hatched in the wells containing 2% DMSO (diluents used for preparation of different concentrations) and from them more than 95% larvae were developed to third stage. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀), confidence interval (95% CI), resistance factor (RF) and coefficient of determination (R²) were used for interpretation of larval development assay data. The resistance was characterized by using IC₅₀ values of susceptible isolates. In none of the region, the percent samples found resistant were below 50 percent indicating that high level of resistance in both the hosts.