Detection on Causes of Bird-Window Collisions and Effective Mitigation Efforts
Sunil B. Avhad *
Department of Zoology, Annasaheb Vartak College of Arts, Kedarnath Malhotra College of Commerce, E.S. Andrades College of Science, Vasai, Palghar (Maharashtra), India.
Chris Rodrigues
Department of Zoology, Annasaheb Vartak College of Arts, Kedarnath Malhotra College of Commerce, E.S. Andrades College of Science, Vasai, Palghar (Maharashtra), India.
Aziza Sayyed
Department of Zoology, Annasaheb Vartak College of Arts, Kedarnath Malhotra College of Commerce, E.S. Andrades College of Science, Vasai, Palghar (Maharashtra), India.
Ruth Nigrel
Department of Zoology, Annasaheb Vartak College of Arts, Kedarnath Malhotra College of Commerce, E.S. Andrades College of Science, Vasai, Palghar (Maharashtra), India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Bird window collisions are one of the leading causes of Bird deaths throughout the world. Millions and billions of birds die annually due to window collisions. Sadly, this number in reality would be even higher due to the lack of awareness among the common people and predation of the affected bird individuals. As the rise of modern development takes place at a rapid rate, the cases of bird window collisions may also rise. The main objective of this review is to evaluate the causes of bird window collisions and mitigation efforts and to understand how much new research has been done on the topic of bird window collision in India. A study period of 2018 to 2024 was selected for this review as no data is available for these years further, detailed literature searches were done on Google Scholar with keywords like “Bird window collisions”, “Bird Window Strikes”, “Window strikes”. Factors playing a major role are the use of reflective windows (also known as 1-way windows locally) and the construction of tall skyscrapers in the path of affected birds which are mostly migratory. Bird window collisions tend to occur more frequently in the migration season of migratory birds. Considering the rising cases of bird window collisions several organizations have made guidelines in construction of bird friendly buildings. Rapid development taking place in developing countries would also mean an increase in the use of reflective glass and hence, cases of bird window collision may rise in such countries. Hence, our study would be important in a way to achieve precautions related to bird window collisions in further developing countries.
Keywords: Bird-window collision, avian collision, bird conservation, bird death, bird mortality