The Effect of Triclosan in Endocrine and Reproductive Disruption: A Comprehensive Review
Sabreen Mansoori
Post Graduate Teaching Department of Zoology, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur (M.S), India.
Urmila Jiwantare
Post Graduate Teaching Department of Zoology, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur (M.S), India.
Varsha Dhurvey *
Post Graduate Teaching Department of Zoology, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur (M.S), India.
Mangala Thakare
Post Graduate Teaching Department of Zoology, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur (M.S), India.
Vandana Patil
Post Graduate Teaching Department of Zoology, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur (M.S), India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS), is a synthetic aromatic compound with antibacterial properties which is present in many consumers product including toothpaste, soap, textiles, shampoos and plastic kitchenware. TCS has raised increasing concern due to its potential effect on endocrine and reproductive disruption. This review contains the information about toxic effect of TCS on reproductive system of rat, highlights the mechanism of TCS interferes with binding to estrogen and androgen receptor and disrupts endocrine signaling pathways. TCS also alter aromatase enzyme activity, impairs thyroid hormone regulation and induce oxidative stress. According to the literature, TCS impairs testicular function in males, including steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis, by reducing androgen production. In females, it causes ovarian dysfunction and affects developmental processes, as demonstrated in both animal and human studies. Due to its lipophilic nature and environment persistence TCS builds up in reproductive tissue, increase the risk of toxicity with prolonged exposure this review highlights the urgent need for strictly regulation on antimicrobial use and understanding of long-term reproductive health risk.
Keywords: Triclosan, endocrine disruptor, reproductive toxicity, oxidative stress, testicular toxicity, ovarian dysfunction, environmental persistence