An Overview of Some Biological Aspects and Status of Sea Turtle Nesting along the Indian Coastline
Devendra J. Solanki
Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries Science, Kamdhenu University, Veraval 362265, Gujarat, India.
V. M. Chavda
Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries Science, Kamdhenu University, Veraval 362265, Gujarat, India.
J. B. Solanki
Department of Fisheries Processing Technology, College of Fisheries Science, Kamdhenu University, Veraval 362265, Gujarat, India.
Milan N. Masani
Department of Fisheries Processing Technology, College of Fisheries Science, Kamdhenu University, Veraval 362265, Gujarat, India.
Sivakumar Ragul *
Department of Fisheries Resource Management, College of Fisheries Science, Kamdhenu University, Veraval 362265, Gujarat, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
India's extensive coastline is a crucial nesting ground for various sea turtle species, including the Olive Ridley, Green, Hawksbill, and Leatherback turtles. Key nesting sites range from Gujarat to Odisha and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. However, human activities such as coastal development, pollution, and fishing pose significant threats to sea turtle populations. Conservation efforts, including beach protection, hatchery programs, and community involvement, are essential for safeguarding these species. This review examines the nesting patterns, reproductive behaviour, and challenges faced by sea turtles along the Indian coastline. It highlights the importance of specific nesting sites in different states for sea turtle conservation. Also discusses the impacts of climate change, human-induced threats, and the importance of genetic diversity and population dynamics. Comparative analyses with global nesting sites provide insights into enhancing sea turtle conservation efforts worldwide. India's diverse and essential nesting habitats are vital for the survival of sea turtles and the health of marine ecosystems. Protecting these nesting sites is crucial for the conservation of sea turtles and the overall well-being of marine biodiversity.
Keywords: India, nesting grounds, management, state-wise, threat